The Allergy Story

 

    From the first day life to the last day, a person faces various problems and diseases. Some of these problems are cured after proper treatment, while some problems are cured even without proper treatment. Yes, it is certain that this problem is relieved for some time, but after a few days, one has to face the same problem again. One such problem is allergy and sudden sensitivity. If possible, it can stay with him for life.

What is an Allergy?

    To understand it, we need to understand a little about the immune system. Let's try to understand the immune system in simple terms. Imagine that there is a big luxurious places which is guarded by a system of military forces with different skills. As soon as an outsider enters the palace, it is obvious that this system of military forces will recognize them immediately. will be activated and will be alerted to defeat the attack of this forces will attack them and eliminate them.

    Just like there is a system of military forces with different skills to protect the palace, in the same way our body is also a kind of place and to protect it, our body has a defense system called the immune system. When any invaders (antigens) such as viruses, bacteria or parasites enter our body, our immune system is activated and tries to destroy them. The most capable soldiers of our immune system are white blood cells, such as The military forces deployed to guard the palace have a variety of weapon that they use to eliminate enemies, just as the military forces of our immune system (such as white blood cells) also have weapon that they use. These weapons are called antibodies (special types of proteins) used to kill the enemy.

    According to an estimate, there are ten billion different types of antibodies in our body. The special feature of our immune system is that there are specific types of antibodies to eliminate specific types of invaders. Such antibodies of our immune system. Bodies that exist to destroy one type of bacteria (antigens) cannot use them to destroy viruses. You can think of invaders as locks and antibodies as keys. Just as a specific type of antibody can bind to a specific type of destroy it (antigens), a specific type of antibody can bind to a specific antigen.

    Allergy occurs when our immune system is activated against substance entering the body from outside and attacks them which are actually harmless. This sensitive reaction of our immune system is called allergy. it attacks them as enemies and invaders (antigens), such substances are called allergens. Allergens are usually a type of proteins that are found in various products such as eggs, milk, peanuts, pollen, etc. These proteins are usually present in something that a person may be allergic to (but not necessarily every allergen is a protein). For example, if a person is allergic to milk, it means that the milk contains such proteins. There are proteins (allergens) that when it enters the body, our immune system is immediately activated because it considers this allergen, protein, as an enemy, even though it is actually harmless. 

    People who are allergic to something have an immune system that overreacts to the allergen in that thing because it thinks that thing, the allergen, is enemy. Scientists still don't fully understand why something. Why do people have this allergic reaction? In other words, researchers still don't fully understand why some people are allergic to certain substances. Are harmless. Now the reason why our immune system does this is obviously that there is a malfunction in our immune system due to which it considers a harmless thing as an enemy and shows a sensitive reaction which results in person has an allergy.

    The antibodies that our immune system makes to destroy allergens are called amino globulin E or igE. If a person has a milk allergy, it means that the allergen in milk has to be eliminated when it enters the body. Our immune system will produce specific weapon, i.e. igE. And if a person is not allergic to milk, it means that the person will not produce specific antibodies, igE,, to eliminate the allergen in milk. Because the person's immune system does not be allergic to milk because the person's immune system does not recognize that particular protein in milk as an allergen.

    Now we understand a few mechanisms of allergy. Suppose you are allergic to eggs, it means that there is a protein in eggs that our immune system considers as an enemy even though it is harmless. If you eat an egg, the allergen in the egg will enter our body, then our immune system will be activated. A type of white cells (lymphocytes) of our immune system, namely TH2, will reduce the effect of this allergen or destroy it. So immediately start making igE antibodies. These antibodies will bind the surface (receptors) of the mast cells (allergy cells) of the immune system. Now as soon as that particular allergen comes in contact with the mast cells, that antigen (allergen) will bind the igE antibodies on the surface of the mast cells.

    When this happens, the mast cells will become activated and release powerful chemicals. The most important of these is the chemical histamine. They are usually the result of the release of this chemical. this is why antihistamine medications are prescribed to reduce the release of this chemical, which helps reduce allergic inflammation.

    Different people can be allergic to different things (allergens). Allergy symptoms caused by different things can very depending on the type of allergen a person has been exposed to and how much. Well, anyone can be allergic to anything, but the things that most people are likely to be allergic to are as follows:

*    Allergies due to food items:-

    Ninety percent of people may be allergic to food items that include milk, peanuts, eggs, wheat, shellfish, soy, tree nuts, etc.

*    Allergies due to pollen:-

    It is an English language word that also means flower pollen or pollen grains which are small particles found inside the flowers. These particles are yellow in color. These pollen particles fly from the male plant to the female plant. They are transmitted by insects and air but some plant particles are small enough to fly through the air and be inhaled through the human nose and cause allergies in sensitive people.

*    Allergies due to pets:-

    Fur, urine, and saliva of animals such as dogs and cats contain proteins (allergens) that cause allergies in some people.

*    Allergy due to cockroaches:-

    Cockroaches are reddish-brown insects. Their feces, saliva, eggs and dead body parts contain proteins that can cause allergies in certain people.

*    Allergy due to latex:-

    Latex is actually a liquid that is obtained from the rubber tree and is used to make various types of rubber products such as gloves and balloons. The latex contains proteins (allergens) that some people are allergic to. May cause allergies.

*    Allergy due to insect stings:-

    Some people may be allergic to the stings of certain insects such as bees.

*    Allergy due to medicines:-

    Some medicines like antibiotics (penicillin), insulin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can cause allergies.

*    Allergy due to metals:-

    There are some metals which some people can complain of allergy after coming in contact with. These metals include cobalt, chromium, zinc and nickel etc.

    Allergies can cause various symptoms such as runny nose, watery or red eyes, sneezing, itching on the body (which may result in red spots on the body), swelling in any part of the body (especially mouth, throat, lips), difficulty in breathing, stomach ache and headache etc.

    Allergies can be mild to severe. Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction or think it is a severe type of allergy. Its symptoms Difficulty breathing and a sudden or severe drop in blood pressure. this an emergency and life-threatening condition. If the affected person is not treated promptly, the patient may die. Doctors usually prescribe epinephrine to a patient with anaphylaxis. Which is effective in normalizing blood pressure. Anaphylaxis is often caused by allergens such as food, drugs and insect venoms.

*    Allergens can enter the body through four main routes:-

    1.    Management system:-

           It can enter the body through the mouth in the form of food and medicine.

    2.    Respiratory system:-

           That is, through which the nose and lungs are included, fungi, pollen, dust, animal hair can enter the body.

   3.    Vol:-

           Through skin contact with latex, metals (allergens present in them) enter our body.

   4.    Circulatory system:-

           In the blood, these allergens enter the body in the form of drugs and venom. (such as bee stings) through injections.

      It has been observed that children are more likely to develop allergies than adults. However, it is not yet known why some people are allergic to certain substances and why others are not. However, there are environmental and he3reditary factors that play an important role in increasing the tendency of allergies. It has been observed that people whose parents have allergies are more likely to develop allergies. If both parents have allergies, the child has a 30-50% chance of developing allergies.

    Environmental factors that contribute to increased susceptibility to allergies include have a baby during the monsoon season, not breastfeeding, growing up in a smoking household, and having pets in the home.

    Remember that there is no permanent cure for allergies. the most effective treatment for allergies is to avoid the thing that causes an allergy as much as possible. For example, if a person is allergic to eggs, the allergy. The best way to avoid it is to avoid eggs altogether. As long as you consume eggs, you will continue to suffer from allergies. There is no drug that tells the immune system that it is allergic. The protein in the egg (that is, the one that causes the allergy, called an allergen) is not your enemy, it is harmless. We cannot remove the immune system from the body, because if we remove it, then we will die. Allergy medications are usually prescribed when avoiding an allergen is impossible.

    If a person thinks they have an allergy, the best course of action is for the affected person contact an allergist. Allergists use various test to diagnose allergies. The most important and most commonly used of these tests are the test is skin prick test which is called skin prick test.

    An allergist identifies the possible allergens that a person may be allergic to through this test. In this test, the allergist places a liquid form of potential allergens (that is, allergens that may cause an allergy) on the skin of the arm or back. A needle is pricked so that the liquid can enter the body through the skin. After ten to fifteen minutes, redness develops at the test site and raised round spots are formed, which are called wheel. This test is used to diagnose airborne allergies, food allergies, and penicillin allergens.